What type of reactions are associated with + Δ G?

Reactions that have a positive change in Gibbs free energy (+ΔG) are endergonic, meaning they require energy input to proceed. In these processes, the products of the reaction have a higher free energy than the reactants, indicating that the reaction is not spontaneous under standard conditions. Because of this energy requirement, endergonic reactions are commonly associated with anabolic processes, which involve the synthesis of larger, more complex molecules from simpler precursors. Anabolic reactions often include building biomolecules such as proteins from amino acids, or nucleic acids from nucleotides, and these processes are fundamental for growth and cellular maintenance.

The connection between the positive ΔG, endergonic nature, and anabolic reactions highlights the importance of energy investment in biological systems. Cells often couple such reactions with ATP hydrolysis or other energy-releasing reactions to drive them forward.